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The Helmeted Guineafowl has a highly developed gregarious nature. It lives in large groups having developed alert calls which allow it to take advantage of its fellow birds' vigilance in the event of a predator attack. It can run at high speed and only starts flying if there is danger. It spends the night perched on tree branches to avoid predators on the ground.
At nesting time, guineafowl form pairs and stay together for life. The female builds her nest in a place hidden by vegetation. The hollow that she makes by scratching the ground with her claws is lined with a few leaves. She then lays between 6 and 20 eggs which she broods on her own. In exceptional cases, up to 50 eggs may be found in the same nest. It is assumed that this is the result of several females laying eggs. Once hatched, the young are raised by the pair.